Read in English

The Sanoriya Vipra

The Pathan Soldiers on the Road

A fearless speech before Pathan cavalry saves Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's companions from execution.

On the Ganges-bank road between Vrindavana and Soro-kshetra

Painting of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu unconscious beneath a tree while Pathan cavalry soldiers on horseback surround and question His companions, the exact episode in which the Sanoriya brahmana spoke to save the group.
Painting of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu unconscious beneath a tree while Pathan cavalry soldiers on horseback surround and question His companions, the exact episode in which the Sanoriya brahmana spoke to save the group.gaudiyahistory.iskcondesiretree.com (painting copyright Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, krishna.com) · ISKCON/BBT-affiliated devotional art, approved for use on this site

Fallen Unconscious Beneath a Tree #

As the four travelers made their way along the Ganges bank - Mahaprabhu, Balabhadra Bhattacharya, the Rajaputa Krishnadasa, and the Sanoriya brahmana - they stopped to rest under a tree near grazing cows. Mahaprabhu was already fatigued and deeply absorbed. Then a cowherd boy nearby blew on his flute, and the sound struck Mahaprabhu with such force of ecstatic love that He fell to the ground unconscious, foaming at the mouth, His breathing stopped.

While He lay there, ten Pathan cavalry soldiers rode up and dismounted. Seeing a sannyasi senseless on the ground, they jumped to an ugly conclusion: this holy man, they reasoned, must have been carrying gold, and these four men around Him must have poisoned Him with dhuturā to rob him. Without waiting to find out otherwise, the soldiers seized all four companions, intending to kill them.

Two Frightened, Two Fearless #

Of the four, two - almost certainly Balabhadra Bhattacharya and one other Bengali in the party - began to tremble openly in fear. The other two did not. Krishnadasa, of the Rajaputa warrior community, was fearless by nature. So, the text says just as plainly, was the Sanoriya brahmana - and he spoke first, and spoke boldly.

He told the soldiers directly that they were under the authority of their own king, and that the matter should be taken to their commander. Then he identified himself: "This sannyasi is my spiritual master, and I am from Mathura. I am a brahmana, and I know many people who are in the service of the Muslim king." He proposed a plan any reasonable captor could accept - tie them up, wait, and let the sannyasi Himself explain when He woke. When the soldiers accused the group of belonging to different, suspicious places (one from the west, one from Mathura, two trembling Bengalis), it was Krishnadasa who answered with a bluff of his own, claiming two hundred Turkish soldiers and a hundred cannons were his to call on. Between the brahmana's composure and Krishnadasa's nerve, the Pathan soldiers hesitated.

Mahaprabhu Wakes, and a Sufi Is Converted #

At that moment Mahaprabhu regained consciousness, chanting "Hari! Hari!" loudly and dancing in open ecstasy. The sight and sound apparently struck the soldiers "as if their hearts were struck by thunderbolts," and, seized by fear, they released all four men at once.

What followed turned an armed standoff into something else entirely. The soldiers came before Mahaprabhu themselves, worshiping His feet and accusing the four companions of drugging and robbing Him. Mahaprabhu corrected them simply: "These are not rogues. They are My associates... Due to epilepsy, I sometimes fall unconscious. Out of their mercy, these four men maintain Me." One of the Muslim soldiers present, a Sufi practitioner, was moved by Mahaprabhu and tried to defend an impersonal reading of God from the Quran. Mahaprabhu refuted him point by point, arguing that the Quran itself ultimately establishes a personal, transcendental God, until the man could no longer speak. He fell at Mahaprabhu's feet, chanting Krishna's name, and asked to be taught the goal of life. Mahaprabhu initiated him on the spot, renaming him Ramadasa.

A second Pathan present, a young man who turned out to be the son of the local king, also fell at Mahaprabhu's feet - his name was Vijuli Khan (also written Bijali Khan). Mahaprabhu placed His foot on his head in blessing. All the Pathan soldiers there became mendicants, and in time came to be celebrated as the Pathana Vaishnavas, touring the country and singing Mahaprabhu's glories. Vijuli Khan himself, the text says, became a greatly advanced devotee, honored at every place of pilgrimage he visited.

From there Mahaprabhu continued toward Soro-kshetra and Prayaga, still accompanied by the Sanoriya brahmana and Krishnadasa - though not, as the Lord Himself proposed, for very much longer. That final stretch of the journey is told on Onward to Prayaga.

इस लीला के शास्त्र प्रमाण

kṛṣṇadāsa — rājaputa, nirbhaya se baḍa / sei vipra — nirbhaya, se — mukhe baḍa daḍa

शब्दार्थ

kṛṣṇadāsa rājaputa — Krishnadasa, of the Rajaputa race; nirbhaya se baḍa — he was very fearless; sei vipra — that brahmana (the Sanodiya); nirbhaya — also fearless; se mukhe baḍa daḍa — he was very bold in speech.

The devotee Krishnadasa, who belonged to the Rajaputa race, was very fearless. The Sanodiya brahmana was also fearless, and he spoke very bravely.

Madhya 18.167 Chaitanya-charitamrita

The text's direct character note on the brahmana at the moment of greatest danger, just before he speaks to the Pathan soldiers.

ei yati — āmāra guru, āmi — māthura brāhmaṇa / pātsāra āge āche mora 'śata jana'

शब्दार्थ

ei yati — this sannyasi; āmāra guru — my spiritual master; āmi māthura brāhmaṇa — I am a brahmana from Mathura; pātsāra āge āche mora śata jana — I have a hundred people in the service of the Muslim king.

"This sannyasi is my spiritual master, and I am from Mathura. I am a brahmana, and I know many people who are in the service of the Muslim king."

Madhya 18.169 Chaitanya-charitamrita

The brahmana's own words to the Pathan cavalry, used on this site as his pull-quote; note how he presents Chaitanya Mahaprabhu socially as his guru even though the guru-tattva relation established earlier at Adi Keshava temple runs the other way.

'rāmadāsa' bali' prabhu tāṅra kaila nāma / āra eka pāṭhāna, tāṅra nāma — 'vijulī-khāṅna'

शब्दार्थ

rāmadāsa bali' — of the name Ramadasa; prabhu tāṅra kaila nāma — the Lord gave him this name; āra eka pāṭhāna — another Pathan; tāṅra nāma vijulī-khāṅna — his name was Vijuli Khan.

In this way Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu directly initiated the saintly Muslim by advising him to chant the holy name of Krishna. The Muslim's name was changed to Ramadasa. Another Pathan Muslim present there was named Vijuli Khan.

Madhya 18.207 Chaitanya-charitamrita

Names the two Pathan soldiers converted in this episode. This Ramadasa is a different person from Ramadasa Vipra, an unrelated devotee already recorded elsewhere on this site.