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Srila Ramananda Raya

Resigning His Post for Puri

How a governor in office formally left government service, and at Puri went first to Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, not to the Jagannatha temple.

Vidyanagara and Jagannatha Puri, shortly after Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's South India tour, around 1510-1512

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Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's instruction on the bank of the Godavari was simple to state but not at all simple to carry out. Ramananda Raya was to leave the governorship behind and settle near the Lord at Jagannatha Puri. But he was not a young man, free to walk away from his life without consequence. He held real office under Maharaja Prataparudra, headed a household, and carried many responsibilities. These could not simply disappear because a sannyasi had asked him to leave them behind. The sources do not describe a dramatic act of defiance. They describe a formal, patient process, in which a governor asked his king to release him from service and in time received that release.

Asking the King's Permission #

Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita records Ramananda Raya's own account of how it happened, given directly to Mahaprabhu once he had reached Puri: "I duly informed Your Lordship's order to the King... By Your grace, the King was pleased to relieve me of these material activities." Srila Prabhupada's purport adds a further detail. Ramananda Raya did not simply vanish from government service. He made a formal request, and the King granted it out of respect for Ramananda Raya's clear devotion. Ramananda Raya retired with a pension, not in disgrace. Nothing about this change was hidden, and neither side was resentful. Whatever Maharaja Prataparudra thought of his governor's sudden turn toward a wandering monk, he chose not to stand in his way.

Travelling to Puri with the King #

When Ramananda Raya finally made the journey to Jagannatha Puri, he did not travel alone or quietly. Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita records that he came in the company of King Prataparudra himself, who had returned to Puri around the same time. It records that the very first thing Ramananda Raya did on arriving was to go and see Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, meeting Him "with great pleasure," before attending to anything else. Because of his rank and the company he was keeping, it would have been quite reasonable for Ramananda Raya to do the usual formal things first. He could have paid his respects at the King's court, visited the Jagannatha temple, and settled his household. He did none of that first. He went straight to the Lord.

Putting the Temple Second #

The text quietly draws attention to this order of events. When Mahaprabhu asked him afterward, "Ramananda, have you seen the lotus-eyed Lord Jagannatha yet?", Ramananda Raya had to admit he had not. He would go now, he said, and see the temple next. Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami follows this exchange with a question that he leaves unanswered: "Who can understand the loving devotional service of Raya Ramananda?" It is a small detail in the telling, but it shows something important. Even Jagannatha's own temple, the center of Puri's entire religious life, came second for Ramananda Raya once he had reached the place where Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was.

Meeting Mahaprabhu's Other Associates #

Once settled at Puri, Ramananda Raya did not attach himself to Mahaprabhu alone. Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita records that he went and offered his respects to the four senior spiritual figures already established in the Lord's circle there: Paramananda Puri, Brahmananda Bharati, Svarupa Damodara and Nityananda Prabhu. Then, as was proper, he met all of the other devotees as well. This was not a small courtesy. A former governor arriving with a king's blessing could easily have expected special respect from a gathering of sannyasis and devotees. Instead, Ramananda Raya offered obeisances first. He entered Mahaprabhu's Puri community the way any devotee would, not the way an important official might. This set the pattern for the decades of service that followed. It was service marked by humility, not by the rank he had just given up.

What He Left Behind, and What He Kept #

Ramananda Raya gave up a great deal. He had commanded soldiers, elephants and revenue for an entire province. He traded that for a life spent mostly within a small circle of devotees at Puri. There he sang, recited and served, without any of the authority his old post had carried. But he kept everything that had really mattered to him once he understood who he had met on the Godavari. He kept his learning in rasa-shastra and his gift as a poet and dramatist. And now, for the first time, he could be with the Lord directly, every day. All of his learning had secretly been pointing toward Him. Nothing in the sources suggests he ever looked back on the exchange as a loss. What that service looked like in the years that followed, alongside Svarupa Damodara, is told in Confidential Service in Puri.

Scriptural sources for this pastime

rāmānanda rāya āilā gajapati-saṅge
prathamei prabhure āsi' mililā bahu-raṅge

Word for word

rāmānanda rāya: Rāmānanda Rāya; āilā: came; gajapati-saṅge: with the King; prathamei: in the first instance; prabhure: unto Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu; āsi' mililā bahu-raṅge: came and met with great pleasure.

When King Pratāparudra returned to Jagannātha Purī, Rāmānanda Rāya came with him. Rāmānanda Rāya immediately went to meet Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu with great pleasure.

Madhya 11.15 Sri Chaitanya-caritamrta

Records that seeing Mahaprabhu, not the King's court or the Jagannatha temple, was Ramananda Raya's first act on reaching Puri.

rāya kahe, — tomāra ājñā rājāke kahila
tomāra icchāya rājā mora viṣaya chāḍāila

Word for word

rāya kahe: Rāmānanda Rāya said; tomāra ājñā: Your order; rājāke kahila: I informed the King; tomāra icchāya: by Your grace; rājā: the King; mora viṣaya chāḍāila: gave me relief from my material activities.

Rāmānanda Rāya said, "I duly informed King Pratāparudra of Your order for me to retire from service. By Your grace, the King was pleased to relieve me of these material activities.

From the purport: Purport excerpt: "Rāmānanda Rāya petitioned the King. The King was very pleased to give him relief, and thus Rāmānanda Rāya retired from service and received a pension from the government."

Madhya 11.18 Sri Chaitanya-caritamrta

Ramananda Raya's own account of formally resigning his governorship at Mahaprabhu's request.

prabhu ājñā pāñā rāya calilā daraśane
rāyera prema-bhakti-rīti bujhe kon jane

Word for word

prabhu ājñā: the Lord's permission; pāñā: getting; rāya: Rāmānanda Rāya; calilā daraśane: departed to see Lord Jagannātha; rāyera: of Rāmānanda Rāya; prema-bhakti rīti: process of ecstatic devotional love; bujhe kon jane: who can understand.

Having received Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu's permission, Rāmānanda Rāya hastily went to the temple of Lord Jagannātha. Who can understand the devotional service of Rāya Rāmānanda?

Madhya 11.40 Sri Chaitanya-caritamrta

Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami's own comment on Ramananda Raya visiting the Jagannatha temple only after first meeting Mahaprabhu.

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