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Srila Hridaya Chaitanya

Training and Sending Him to Vrindavana

The Deities at the Sri Radha-Damodara temple in Vrindavana, founded by Jiva Goswami, where Hridaya Chaitanya's disciple studied and received the name Shyamananda after being sent there.
The Deities at the Sri Radha-Damodara temple in Vrindavana, founded by Jiva Goswami, where Hridaya Chaitanya's disciple studied and received the name Shyamananda after being sent there.Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
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Once initiated, Krishnadasa gave himself completely to his guru's service. Hridaya Chaitanya watched that service closely. He is remembered as someone who trained his disciple with real personal attention, not one who simply accepted him and moved on. The available sources do not say exactly what the training was, beyond "assiduous service," meaning careful and hard-working service. This is a common description in this literature for a disciple's daily care of his guru's needs. But the same sources do describe in detail how wisely Hridaya Chaitanya recognized when his disciple's service had matured enough for him to be sent further. They also describe how he personally and deliberately made that happen.

DetailDescription
New disciple's stated wishTo see the river Yamuna, having already bathed in the Ganges
Guru's response"Yes, of course, you shall see it. You shall go to Braj-dhama."
DestinationVrindavana, to study under Jiva Goswami
Traveling companions found thereNarottama Dasa Thakura and Shrinivasa Acharya
New name received in VrindavanaShyamananda

"You Shall Go to Braj-Dhama" #

Tradition preserves a short but meaningful conversation between guru and disciple. After his bath in the Ganges, Krishnadasa's heart only grew more restless. "Now I shall see the Yamuna," he told his guru. Hridaya Chaitanya did not discourage this longing or treat it as youthful impatience. He understood it correctly as the pull of Vrindavana itself, and answered simply: "Yes, of course, you shall see it. You shall go to Braj-dhama." Some time later, when he judged that his disciple's service and devotion were firm enough, Hridaya Chaitanya gave Krishnadasa permission to travel to Vrindavana. Tradition says he sent with him his own messages of respect and dandavats to be delivered to the six Goswamis. According to the same account, he had also already written ahead to Jiva Goswami himself: "I have a disciple named Duhkhi Krishnadasa. I am offering him to you. Teach him well in Krishna consciousness... when his mind is fixed... you may send him back to me." The message may or may not have been delivered in exactly those words. But every version of the story makes the same point. This was a planned handing over between two gurus, not an abandonment.

The Journey to Vrindavana #

Krishnadasa's route to Vrindavana is remembered as a pilgrimage in itself. He went first through Navadwipa, where he paid respects at the old house of Jagannatha Mishra. Then he went to Gaya, where Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Himself had once taken initiation from Ishvara Puri. In Kashi (Benares) he met Tapana Mishra and Chandrashekhara Acharya. Finally he reached Mathura and Vrindavana, where he went looking for Jiva Goswami's own bhajana hut. There he found two other young students already studying under Jiva Goswami: Narottama Dasa Thakura and Shrinivasa Acharya. The three of them became close companions in scriptural study and in madhukari, the practice of begging just enough food for the day.

A Guru's Displeasure, and a Change of Heart #

This very human episode is, in one sense, as much about Hridaya Chaitanya as about his disciple. In Vrindavana, tradition holds, Krishnadasa received an unusual mark of tilaka and a new name, Shyamananda, in connection with a vision involving Srimati Radharani. Jiva Goswami himself was joyful about what had happened, though he asked that it not be spoken of publicly. Still, word of the change reached Ambika Kalna. Hridaya Chaitanya heard that his disciple had taken on a new name and tilaka without his permission. He was angry enough to travel to Vrindavana himself and scold Krishnadasa directly. Krishnadasa, tradition says, bore the rebuke without protest, certain in his own mind that he had never actually left his guru's service. That night, in a dream, Hridaya Chaitanya is said to have been rebuked in turn by Radharani herself. In the dream she told him plainly that she had given the boy his new name and mark, and asked why he had instructed his disciple otherwise. By morning Hridaya Chaitanya had accepted what had happened. He embraced Shyamananda warmly and returned to Ambika Kalna reconciled. The exact historical facts behind this episode are not certain. But the devotional sources consistently tell it as the moment when Hridaya Chaitanya's position as guru was, in a sense, corrected and confirmed at the same time.

Called Back, and Sent On Again #

Later, Shyamananda returned once to Ambika Kalna to report to his guru on his studies, before continuing eastward. It was from Ambika Kalna, some time afterward, that Hridaya Chaitanya gave the order that shaped the rest of Shyamananda's life. He saw that Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's own associates in Utkal desh were passing on one by one, and that the preaching there was fading. So he directed his disciple to go and revive it. That mission and what it built are the subject of Legacy.

Scriptural sources for this pastime

एवं परम्पराप्राप्तमिमं राजर्षयो विदुः ।
स कालेनेह महता योगे नष्टः परन्तप ॥ २ ॥

evaṁ paramparā-prāptam
imaṁ rājarṣayo viduḥ
sa kāleneha mahatā
yogo naṣṭaḥ paran-tapa

Word for word

evam: thus; paramparā: by disciplic succession; prāptam: received; imam: this science; rāja-ṛṣayaḥ: the saintly kings; viduḥ: understood; saḥ: that knowledge; kālena iha: in course of time in this world; mahatā: great; yogaḥ: the science; naṣṭaḥ: scattered; parantapa: O subduer of enemies.

This supreme science was thus received through the chain of disciplic succession, and the saintly kings understood it in that way. But in course of time the succession was broken, and therefore the science as it is appears to be lost.

4.2 Bhagavad-gita

Cited for the general principle of guru-parampara that Hridaya Chaitanya's deliberate handoff of his disciple to Jiva Goswami, reportedly with his own written message of introduction, exemplifies in miniature.

यस्यास्ति भक्तिर्भगवत्यकिञ्चना सर्वैर्गुणैस्तत्र समासते सुरा: ।
हरावभक्तस्य कुतो महद्गुणा मनोरथेनासति धावतो बहि: ॥ १२ ॥

yasyāsti bhaktir bhagavaty akiñcanā
sarvair guṇais tatra samāsate surāḥ
harāv abhaktasya kuto mahad-guṇā
manorathenāsati dhāvato bahiḥ

Word for word

yasya: of whom; asti: there is; bhaktiḥ: devotional service; bhagavati: to the Supreme Personality of Godhead; akiñcanā: without motive; sarvaiḥ guṇaiḥ: with all good qualities; tatra: there; samāsate: reside; surāḥ: the demigods; harau abhaktasya: of one not devoted to Hari; kutaḥ: where; mahat-guṇāḥ: good qualities.

All the demigods and their exalted qualities become manifest in the body of one who has developed unalloyed devotion for the Supreme Personality of Godhead. A person devoid of devotional service, however adept at mystic yoga or worldly life, has no good qualities of his own.

SB 5.18.12 Srimad-Bhagavatam

Cited for the theme of a sincere devotee's qualities being self-evident regardless of formal training, the same quality the traditional accounts say Hridaya Chaitanya recognized in Krishnadasa's service even before Vrindavana had shaped him further.

Nandgram Dham
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