Srila Lokanatha Gosvami

The Vow of No Fame

So averse to recognition that his own name was nearly written out of Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita itself.

Vraja-mandala, chiefly Vrindavana and Mathura

A traditional devotional painting of a barefoot renunciant absorbed in worship of a small hand-held Deity, evoking the practice for which Lokanatha Gosvami became renowned — carrying his own Radha-Vinoda Deity in a cloth bag wherever he wen
A traditional devotional painting of a barefoot renunciant absorbed in worship of a small hand-held Deity, evoking the practice for which Lokanatha Gosvami became renowned — carrying his own Radha-Vinoda Deity in a clot…Gaudiya History (ISKCON Desire Tree) · ISKCON/BBT-affiliated devotional art

Lokanatha Gosvami's renunciation was not limited to material comfort; it extended just as fiercely to his own reputation. Multiple independent accounts agree on the central episode: when Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami came to Lokanatha for his blessings before beginning to compose Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita, Lokanatha gave those blessings — but explicitly forbade Krishnadasa from writing anything about him in the book. Fearing to violate the order of so senior a Vaishnava, Krishnadasa complied, and as a direct result Lokanatha's name appears in that celebrated text only in passing, rather than receiving anything like the extended treatment given to Rupa, Sanatana or the other Goswamis.

The One Verse That Names Him #

The single place Lokanatha's name does surface in Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita comes almost by accident, in a verse describing an episode involving Rupa Goswami rather than Lokanatha directly. As Rupa Goswami grew old and could no longer make the walk to Govardhana to see the Deity of Gopala there, the Deity — worshiped at the time at the house of Vitthaleshvara in Mathura, ostensibly moved there out of fear of Muslim iconoclasm but in truth, tradition says, to show mercy to Rupa — came to Mathura instead, and stayed for a month so that Rupa and other Gaudiya Vaishnavas could have darshan without the difficult journey. Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami records that Rupa was accompanied on this occasion by Gopala Bhatta Gosvami, Raghunatha Dasa Goswami, Raghunatha Bhatta Goswami — and Lokanatha Dasa Gosvami. It is the only time Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita names him outright.

Why the Name Is So Rare #

Srila Prabhupada's own purport to this verse spells out exactly why: "Because Lokanatha dasa Gosvami did not want his name mentioned in Caitanya-caritamrta, we do not often see it in this celebrated book." The purport goes on to give the short biographical facts about Lokanatha that are otherwise scattered across many sources — his village, his father's name, his brother, his founding of a temple in Vrindavana — precisely because so little else about him made it into the text he himself asked to be left out of.

Company Kept in Vrindavana #

It is worth noting that Sanatana Goswami's verse names Lokanatha in the same breath as Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami himself — the very author whose pen Lokanatha had constrained. The two men were evidently close associates in Vrindavana, not merely author and reluctant subject, which makes Krishnadasa's own famous habit of describing himself, in Sri Chaitanya-charitamrita, as the lowest and most fallen of devotees read as more than a literary convention: it is the same spirit of self-effacement that Lokanatha lived by, shared by a companion who happened to be gifted enough with words that his own humility became scripture even as he made sure Lokanatha's would not.

A Second Witness, Freely Given #

Not every fellow Goswami felt bound by the same restriction. Sanatana Goswami, in the mangalacarana verses opening his own Hari-bhakti-vilasa, named Lokanatha without hesitation, offering obeisances to "Kashishvara Pandit, Lokanatha and Krishnadasa" as devotees especially dear to Govinda in Vrindavana. That single verse, along with the pranama-mantra Narottama Dasa Thakura later composed in his guru's honor (see the citation on this page, and Initiating Narottama Dasa Thakura), is responsible for nearly everything that later generations of Gaudiya Vaishnavas would come to know about a man who spent his life trying to make sure they would know as little as possible.

A Teaching Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Himself Gave #

Gaudiya Vaishnava teachers have long pointed to Lokanatha's life as a living illustration of instructions Chaitanya Mahaprabhu himself gave on humility, most famously in the Sikshashtaka verse urging a devotee to think of himself as lower than the straw in the street and to expect no honor for himself while offering it freely to others (see the citation on this page). Whether or not Lokanatha ever heard that verse directly from Mahaprabhu's own lips, the shape of his life — refusing fame, refusing comfort, refusing even to let his own name travel — reads as almost a literal enactment of it, which is part of why later acharyas in this lineage return to his example so often even though so little else about him survives.

Scriptural sources for this pastime

sange gopala-bhatta, dasa-raghunatha
raghunatha-bhatta-gosani, ara lokanatha

Word for word

sange—with Rupa Gosvami; gopala-bhatta—Gopala Bhatta; dasa-raghunatha—Raghunatha dasa Gosvami; raghunatha-bhatta-gosani—Raghunatha Bhatta Gosvami; ara—and; lokanatha—Lokanatha dasa Gosvami.

When Rupa Gosvami stayed at Mathura, he was accompanied by Gopala Bhatta Gosvami, Raghunatha dasa Gosvami, Raghunatha Bhatta Gosvami and Lokanatha dasa Gosvami.

From the purport: Purport excerpt: "Because Lokanatha dasa Gosvami did not want his name mentioned in Caitanya-caritamrta, we do not often see it in this celebrated book."

Madhya 18.49 Sri Caitanya-caritamrta

The single verse in which Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami names Lokanatha Gosvami directly; Srila Prabhupada's purport explains why such mentions are otherwise almost entirely absent from the text.

trnad api sunicena
taror iva sahisnuna
amanina manadena
kirtaniyah sada harih

Word for word

trnat api—than downtrodden grass; sunicena—being lower; taroh—than a tree; iva—like; sahisnuna—with tolerance; amanina—without being puffed up by false pride; manadena—giving respect to all; kirtaniyah—to be chanted; sada—always; harih—the holy name of the Lord.

One who thinks himself lower than the grass, who is more tolerant than a tree, and who does not expect personal honor but is always prepared to give all respect to others can very easily always chant the holy name of the Lord.

Antya 20.21 (Sikshashtaka verse 3, spoken by Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu) Sri Caitanya-caritamrta

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's own teaching on humility, which later Gaudiya Vaishnavas have long pointed to as the ideal Lokanatha Gosvami's life of self-effacement so closely embodied.