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Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

Childhood Pastimes

Nimai Pandita of Nabadwip, prodigy, prankster, and the Lord hidden in a brahmana's son

Sridhama Mayapur & Nabadwip, 1486 – c. 1500

Bengal-school colour plate from Jadunath Sarkar's 'Chaitanya's Life and Teachings' (1922): a domestic scene outside a Nabadwip house - two women in white seated on the verandah (mother Sachi and Vishnupriya in the traditional reading), a devotee kneeling in the courtyard.
Bengal-school colour plate from Jadunath Sarkar's 'Chaitanya's Life and Teachings' (1922): a domestic scene outside a Nabadwip house - two women in white seated on the verandah (mother Sachi and Vishnupriya in the traditional reading), a devotee kneeling in the courtyard, an elderly ascetic with a staff and a group of brahmanas approaching, and a servant bringing offerings. Fits the Sachi-and-departure moment around the taking of sannyasa.Wikimedia Commons · public domain
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The Crying That Stopped at the Holy Name #

Even before He could speak, the infant Vishvambhara showed a nature that no ordinary child has. Vaishnava biographers record that He would cry in His mother's arms and could not be comforted, sometimes for hours. Nothing would quiet Him except the sound of women in the neighbourhood calling out "Haribol! Haribol!" ("Chant the name of Hari!"). Sachi Devi soon learned to invite the neighbourhood women to gather and chant whenever her son wept. The crying would stop the moment the holy names were chanted. It was as if the child Himself, even from the cradle, was teaching Nabadwip what would become the medicine for the whole world's suffering.

Eating Clay and His Answer to His Mother #

As a toddler He was mischievous in ways that tried His family's patience, though looking back they saw them as miraculous. It is said that He was once found eating clay from the courtyard instead of the sweets His mother had left for Him. Sachi Devi scolded Him and asked why. He innocently replied that earth is used to make cooking pots, and cooking pots hold the food she gives Him, so He didn't see the difference. This mischievous reasoning already gave a hint of the brilliant mind that was to come.

The Two Thieves Who Carried Him Away #

On another occasion two travelling thieves saw the extraordinarily beautiful golden child playing alone. They wanted to steal the gold ornaments He wore, so they tried to lure Him away with the promise of sweets. The stories tell that they then became hopelessly lost, wandering in circles around Nabadwip. At last, terrified and sorry for what they had done, they had no choice but to bring the child safely back to His mother's door.

The Dream of Sannyasis and the Offered Food #

Before his son was born, Nimai's father Jagannatha Mishra had once dreamed that many sannyasis had come to worship the child in his house. Wandering holy men and Vaishnavas were indeed drawn to their home. One detail appears again and again in the biographies. Whenever a guest arrived and left food offerings unattended even for a moment, the infant would help Himself. His embarrassed parents were forced to keep the doors closed to visiting brahmanas. This went on until they discovered that Nimai only ever touched food that had truly been offered to Krishna in the heart of the devotee bringing it. He never touched the food of a hypocrite, or of a casual visitor whose devotion was insincere. For those who could understand, small incidents like these were clear signs that this was no ordinary brahmana boy.

Learning the Alphabet in a Single Day #

At the age of five, Nimai was enrolled in the village pathasala and is said to have learned the entire Bengali alphabet within a single day of instruction, astonishing His teacher.

Studying Grammar Under Gangadasa Pandita #

By eight He was sent to study under the famous pandit Gangadasa at his tola in the neighbouring village of Ganganagar. There, within about two years, He mastered Sanskrit vyakarana (grammar), the most difficult of the traditional sciences. He also learned the beginnings of rhetoric (alankara) and logic. The accounts agree that He was a restless and playful student. Still, He understood in a single hearing what other students needed weeks to memorise. His father passed away while Nimai was still a boy. After that, He continued His education largely by teaching Himself from His father's books, studying especially smriti (scriptural law) and nyaya (logic).

The Young Logician of Nabadwip #

By His early teenage years Nimai had opened His own tola in Nabadwip. At that time Nabadwip was the leading centre of Sanskrit scholarship in all of Bengal, and He was already recognised there as one of its sharpest young logicians. This reputation prepared the way for His famous encounter with the visiting scholar Keshava Kashmiri Pandita, which is told in full on its own page. Besides His scholarship, Nimai was known among the townspeople for His wit, which could be gently cutting toward false pride and religious hypocrisy. He also had a playful sense of humour with His young friends and fellow students. Later, once He revealed Himself as Krishna Chaitanya, many of them remembered these moments as pastimes of clearly divine playfulness, not as ordinary childhood mischief.

Why These Pastimes Matter #

These childhood pastimes are precious to Gaudiya Vaishnavas, and not only because they are charming. They show that the child born in Sachi Devi's house was never an ordinary brahmana boy who later "became" enlightened. This is clear even before the Lord ever lifts His arms in sankirtana. From His very first cry, which only the holy name could quiet, He was Krishna Himself. He was playing the part of a human child so that Nabadwip, and through Nabadwip the entire world, would have a human life to look to, learn from and love.

Scriptural sources for this pastime

চৌদ্দশত সাতশকে মাস যে ফাল্গুন ।
পৌর্ণমাসীর সন্ধ্যাকালে হৈলে শুভক্ষণ ॥ ৮৯ ॥

caudda-śata sāta-śake māsa ye phālguna
paurṇamāsīra sandhyā-kāle haile śubha-kṣaṇa

Word for word

caudda-śata sāta-śake: in 1407 of the Śaka Era (A.D. 1486); māsa: month; ye: which; phālguna: Phālguna; paurṇamāsīra: of the full-moon day; sandhyā-kāle: in the evening; haile: there was; śubha-kṣaṇa: an auspicious moment.

Thus in the year 1407 of the Śaka Era [A.D. 1486], in the month of Phālguna [February-March], in the evening of the full-moon day, the desired auspicious moment arrived.

CC Ādi 13.89 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

Fixes the date of the advent: Phalguna full-moon evening, Saka 1407 (A.D. 1486).

জগৎ ভরিয়া লোক বলে—‘হরি’ ‘হরি’ ।
সেইক্ষণে গৌরকৃষ্ণ ভূমে অবতরি ॥ ৯৪ ॥

jagat bhariyā loka bale — ‘hari’ ‘hari’
sei-kṣaṇe gaurakṛṣṇa bhūme avatari

Word for word

jagat: the whole world; bhariyā: fulfilling; loka: people; bale: said; hari hari: the holy name of the Lord; sei-kṣaṇe: at that time; gaurakṛṣṇa: Lord Kṛṣṇa in the form of Gaurahari; bhūme: on the earth; avatari: advented.

When the whole world was thus chanting the holy name of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa in the form of Gaurahari advented Himself on the earth.

CC Ādi 13.94 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

The moment of the advent: Krishna as Gaurahari appeared while the whole world chanted the holy name.

নদীয়া–উদয়গিরি, পূর্ণচন্দ্র গৌরহরি,
কৃপা করি’ হইল উদয় ।
পাপ–তমঃ হৈল নাশ, ত্রিজগতের উল্লাস,
জগভরি’ হরিধ্বনি হয় ॥ ৯৮ ॥

nadīyā-udayagiri, pūrṇacandra gaurahari,
kṛpā kari’ ha-ila udaya
pāpa-tamaḥ haila nāśa, tri-jagatera ullāsa,
jagabhari’ hari-dhvani haya

Word for word

nadīyā: the place known as Nadia; udayagiri: is the appearing place; pūrṇa-candra: the full moon; gaurahari: Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu; kṛpā: by mercy; kari’: doing so; ha-ila: became; udaya: risen; pāpa: sinful; tamaḥ: darkness; haila: became; nāśa: dissipated; tri-jagatera: of the three worlds; ullāsa: happiness; jaga-bhari’: filling the whole world; hari-dhvani: the transcendental vibration of Hari; haya: resounded.

Thus by His causeless mercy the full moon, Gaurahari, rose in the district of Nadia, which is compared to Udayagiri, where the sun first becomes visible. His rising in the sky dissipated the darkness of sinful life, and thus the three worlds became joyful and chanted the holy name of the Lord.

CC Ādi 13.98 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

Gaurahari rose over Nadia like the full moon over Udayagiri, dissipating the darkness of the age.

বন্দে চৈতন্যকৃষ্ণস্য বাল্যলীলাং মনোহরাম্ ।
লৌকিকীমপি তামীশ–চেষ্টয়া বলিতান্তরাম্ ॥ ৫॥

vande caitanya-kṛṣṇasya
bālya-līlāṁ mano-harām
laukikīm api tām īśa-
ceṣṭayā valitāntarām

Word for word

vande: I worship; caitanya-kṛṣṇasya: of Lord Caitanya, who is Kṛṣṇa Himself; bālya-līlā: pastimes of childhood; manaḥ-harām: which are so beautiful; laukikīm: appearing ordinary; api: although; tām: those; īśa-ceṣṭayā: by manifestation of supreme authority; valita-antarām: quite fit although appearing differently.

Let me offer my respectful obeisances unto the childhood pastimes of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who is Lord Kṛṣṇa Himself. Although such pastimes appear exactly like those of an ordinary child, they should be understood as various pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

CC Ādi 14.5 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

The invocation to the balya-lila: apparently ordinary childhood acts that are in fact transcendental.

একদিন শচী খই–সন্দেশ আনিয়া ।
বাটা ভরি’ দিয়া বৈল,—খাও ত’ বসিয়া ॥ ২৪ ॥

ekadina śacī kha-i-sandeśa āniyā
bāṭā bhari’ diyā baila, — khāo ta’ basiyā

Word for word

eka-dina: one day; śacī: mother Śacī; kha-i: fused rice; sandeśa: sweetmeat; āniyā: bringing; bāṭā: tiffin dish; bhari’: filling; diyā: delivering; baila: said; khāo: eat; ta’: now; basiyā: sitting down.

One day while the Lord was enjoying His playful sports with the other little children, mother Śacī brought a dish filled with fused rice and sweetmeats and asked the child to sit down and eat them.

CC Ādi 14.24 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

Opening of the famous dirt-eating pastime through which the child taught His mother about material enjoyment.

চোরে লঞা গেল প্রভুকে বাহিরে পাইয়া ।
তার স্কন্ধে চড়ি’ আইলা তারে ভুলাইয়া ॥ ৩৮ ॥

core lañā gela prabhuke bāhire pāiyā
tāra skandhe caḍi’ āilā tāre bhulāiyā

Word for word

core: two thieves; lañā: taking; gela: went; prabhuke: the Lord; bāhire: outside; pāiyā: finding Him; tāra: their; skandhe: on the shoulders; caḍi’: rising; āilā: came back; tāre: them; bhulāiyā: misleading.

In His childhood the Lord was taken away by two thieves outside His home. The Lord, however, got up on the shoulders of the thieves, and while they were thinking they were safely carrying the child to rob His ornaments, the Lord misled them, and thus instead of going to their own home the thieves came back to the home of Jagannātha Miśra.

CC Ādi 14.38 Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta

The pastime of the two thieves, who carried the child away only to be led back to His own house.

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